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Flashcards · Biology · Cell Division

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

19 cards

  1. What is the cell cycle?

    The series of stages a cell goes through to grow, copy its DNA and divide.

  2. What are the three stages of the cell cycle?

    Growth and DNA replication, mitosis, and division of the cytoplasm and cell membrane.

  3. What does the cell grow and make more of before it divides?

    Sub-cellular structures such as ribosomes and mitochondria.

  4. What happens to the DNA before mitosis?

    It replicates, giving two identical copies of each chromosome.

  5. What happens to the chromosomes in mitosis?

    One set is pulled to each end of the cell, and the nucleus divides.

  6. What happens at the end of the cell cycle?

    The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide, forming two identical cells.

  7. How many cells does mitosis make from one cell?

    Two.

  8. A human body cell has 46 chromosomes. How many does each cell have after mitosis?

    46.

  9. What does genetically identical mean?

    Having exactly the same genes.

  10. Give three reasons why mitosis is important.

    Growth and development, repair, and replacement of cells (also asexual reproduction).

  11. Which stage of the cell cycle takes the longest?

    Stage 1, growth and DNA replication.

  12. How many cells are there after 5 divisions, starting from one cell?

    32, because \(2^{5} = 32\).

  13. What do we call organisms made by mitosis from a single parent?

    Clones: they are genetically identical to the parent.

  14. Do you need the names of the phases inside mitosis for AQA?

    No. You need the three overall stages and what happens in mitosis.

  15. Why must the DNA be copied before a cell divides?

    So that each new cell gets a full set of chromosomes.

  16. What common mistake is made about identical cells?

    Saying the cells are identical to the parent in size or shape. It is the genes that are identical.

  17. The cell cycle ring with a marker X on the second stage. Which stage of the cell cycle is marked X, and what happens in it?

    Mitosis. One set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell, and the nucleus divides.

  18. The cell cycle ring with nothing labelled. Name and describe the three stages of the cell cycle. The cell cycle ring with every stage named and described.

  19. Six cells at different stages of mitosis, labelled A to F in the wrong order. Put these six stages of mitosis into the correct order. The six stages of mitosis in order, from the cell growing to two identical cells.

    B, E, D, A, F, C.