Flashcards · Maths · Algebra
Simplifying and Expanding Expressions
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What is the difference between an expression and an equation?
An expression has no equals sign, such as \(3x + 5\). An equation has one and can be solved, such as \(3x + 5 = 20\).
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What is an identity?
An equation that is true for every value of the letter, written with \(\equiv\), such as \(2(x + 3) \equiv 2x + 6\).
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What are like terms?
Terms with the same letters to the same powers. \(3x\) and \(5x\) are like terms, but \(3x\) and \(3x^2\) are not.
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Simplify \(4a + 3b - a + 5b\).
\(3a + 8b\).
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What is \(3x \times 4x^2\)?
\(12x^3\). Multiply the numbers and add the powers.
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What is \(12x^5 \div 3x^2\)?
\(4x^3\). Divide the numbers and subtract the powers.
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Expand \(3(2x - 5)\).
\(6x - 15\).
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Expand \(-2(x - 4)\).
\(-2x + 8\), because a negative times a negative is a positive.
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What does expanding two brackets involve?
Multiplying every term in one bracket by every term in the other, which gives four products to collect.
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Expand and simplify \((x + 3)(x + 5)\).
\(x^2 + 8x + 15\).
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Expand and simplify \((x + 7)(x - 4)\).
\(x^2 + 3x - 28\).
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Expand and simplify \((x + 3)(x - 3)\).
\(x^2 - 9\). The middle terms cancel.
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What is the common mistake with \((x + 3)^2\)?
Writing \(x^2 + 9\). It is \((x + 3)(x + 3) = x^2 + 6x + 9\), and the middle term is the one people miss.
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Expand and simplify \((x - 4)^2\).
\(x^2 - 8x + 16\).
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How can you check an expansion?
Put a number such as \(x = 1\) into the original and your answer. They must give the same value.
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How do you write an even number and an odd number using \(n\)?
Even: \(2n\). Odd: \(2n + 1\).
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How do you show that the sum of two consecutive integers is odd?
\(n + (n + 1) = 2n + 1\), which is always odd.