6.13 Variation
6 exam questions worth 10 marks. Write your answer, open the mark scheme, then give yourself the marks you earned. Your answers are saved on this device.
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Give one example of a characteristic caused by genes only and one caused by the environment only.
Mark scheme
- genes: blood group / eye colour / natural hair colour (1)
- environment: scars / language / accent / tattoos (1)
Model answer
Blood group is caused by genes only; a scar is caused by the environment only.
Identical twins have the same genes. One twin is 3 kg heavier than the other.
What causes this difference? Explain your answer.
Mark scheme
- the environment / e.g. diet, exercise (1)
- because they have the same genes / genetically identical (1)
Model answer
The difference is caused by the environment, such as diet or exercise, because the twins have exactly the same genes.
Which characteristic shows continuous variation?
Choose one answer.
Correct Not quite: the answer is Height
Mark scheme
D: height
Model answer
D: height can take any value within a range.
Describe the difference between continuous and discontinuous variation.
Mark scheme
- continuous: any value within a range (1)
- discontinuous: distinct groups / categories (1)
Model answer
Continuous variation can take any value within a range, while discontinuous variation falls into distinct groups with nothing in between.
What type of graph should be used to show blood group data? Explain why.
Mark scheme
- bar chart (1)
- data is in categories / discontinuous (1)
Model answer
A bar chart, because blood groups are separate categories.
How do new genetic variants arise?
Mark scheme
mutation(s)
Model answer
By mutation.
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