Maths · Topic 2: Year 11

Equations and graphs

Solving simultaneous equations and inequalities graphically, quadratic equations and graphs, cubic equations and using iteration.

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Key terms in this chapter

All 36, gathered from every lesson.

Simultaneous equations
Equations that are both true for the same values.
Intersection
The point where two lines cross.
Gradient
How steep a line is.
Intercept
Where a line crosses an axis.
Parallel
Lines with the same gradient.
Solution
The values of \(x\) and \(y\) that satisfy both equations.
Inequality
A statement using \(<\), \(>\), \(\le\) or \(\ge\).
Boundary
The line separating the region from the rest.
Region
The set of points that satisfy the inequalities.
Integer
A whole number.
Test point
A point used to decide which side to shade.
Solid line
Boundary included.
Quadratic
An equation with a highest power of \(x^2\).
Factorise
Write as a product of brackets.
Root
A solution of an equation.
Discriminant
\(b^2 - 4ac\).
Completing the square
Writing \(x^2 + bx + c\) as \((x + p)^2 + q\).
Surd
A root that cannot be simplified to a whole number, e.g. \(\sqrt{11}\).
Parabola
The U-shaped graph of a quadratic.
Root
A value of \(x\) where \(y = 0\).
Turning point
The lowest or highest point of the curve.
Line of symmetry
The vertical line through the turning point.
\(y\)-intercept
Where the graph crosses the y-axis.
Minimum
The lowest point of a U-shaped curve.
Cubic
An expression or equation with a highest power of \(x^3\).
Root
A solution of \(f(x) = 0\).
Local maximum
A turning point at the top of a hill.
Local minimum
A turning point at the bottom of a valley.
Intersection
Where two graphs meet.
Estimate
An approximate value from a graph.
Iteration
Repeating a calculation using the previous answer.
Iteration formula
A rule \(x_{n+1} = f(x_n)\).
Starting value
The first value, \(x_0\).
Change of sign
\(f(a)\) and \(f(b)\) have opposite signs.
Root
A value of \(x\) where \(f(x) = 0\).
Convergence
The values getting closer to a limit.